1 September 2006
A brief look at the famous emerald and alexandrite from Russia's Ural Mountain mines.
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1 October 2005
A discussion of how inclusion patterns mimic crystallographic symmetry in ruby and sapphire.
1 August 1997
A description of the fracture healing of Mong Hsu ruby, along with the problems this has created in the gem trade.
1 June 2005
Gübelin, Eduard J. & Koivula, John I. (2005) Photoatlas of Inclusions in Gemstones, Volume 2. Opinio Publishers, Basel, Switzerland, 830 pp. ISBN 978-3855040957
1 January 2008
Gübelin, Eduard J. & Koivula, John I. (2005) Photoatlas of Inclusions in Gemstones, Volume 3. Opinio Publishers, Basel, Switzerland, 672 pp. ISBN 3-03999-047-4
1 January 1997
Inclusions are among the most important features for identifying ruby and sapphire. This is the chapter on ruby and sapphire inclusions from Richard Hughes' 1997 book, Ruby & Sapphire.
1 May 2005
A discussion of rutile silk in corundum (ruby & sapphire) and its use in detecting artificial heat treatment. Careful examination of these "silk" inclusions can provide vital clues to unmask heated gems.
1 May 1992
In 1991, titanium-diffused blue sapphires reappeared in the Bangkok market after an absence of many years. Touted as "deep diffusion," the stones proved to have no greater color penetration than the original Union Carbide product.
1 June 2005
The examination of a yellow sapphire provides a lesson in the power of gemological microscopy.